GENERAL STUDIES Test Booklet [Answers]

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Union Public Service Commission (Main)

General Studies

Contributed by

Anshu Thakkar

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TEST-4 Q&A
1. Consider the following statements with respect to the Great Himalayas/Himadri
1. It is the most continuous range among the three parallel ranges of Himalayas.
2. The folds of the Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature.
3. The core of Great Himalayas is composed of granite.
Which of the statements given above is/are INCORRECT?
a) 3 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) None of the above
Ans : D
Explanation
● The Mountain ranges are,
o Transhimalayan ranges
▪ Karakoram range
▪ Kailash range
▪ Ladakh range
▪ Zaskar range
o Himalayan ranges
▪ Inner himalaya/Great Himalaya/Himadri
▪ Middle himalaya/Lesser himalaya
▪ Outer himalaya/Shivalik range
o Purvanchal Himalayas/Eastern himalayas
● Statement 1 is correct: The Northernmost range ofhimalaya is known as the Great or Inner Himalayas
or the Himadri. It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of
6,000 metres.
● Statement 2 is correct: It contains all prominent Himalayan peaks. Thefolds of the Great Himalayas are
asymmetrical in nature.

Page 1
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● Statement 3 is correct: The core of this part of the Himalayas is composed of granite. It is perennially
snowbound, and a number of glaciers descend from this range.

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2. Consider the following statements regarding the Gondwana land
1. It is the Northern part of the ancient supercontinent ‘Pangea’ with Angara land in the Southern part.
2. The Gondwanaland included India, Australia, South Africa, South America and Antarctica as one single
land mass.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans : B
Page 2
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Explanation
According to Wegener’s Continental Drift theory, all the continents were one single continental mass
(called a SuperContinent) – Pangaeaand a Mega Ocean surrounded this supercontinent. The mega ocean
is known by the name Panthalassa.
● Statement 1 is incorrect: The supercontinent, Pangaea began to split some two hundred million years
back. It first split into 2 big continental masses known as Gondwanaland and Angara land forming the
Southern and Northern part respectively
● Statement 2 is correct: The Southern supercontinent, Gondwanaland included India, Australia, South
Africa, South America and Antarctica as one single land mass.

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NCERT
Page no : 8

3. Which of the following statements with respect to the process of formation of Himalayan mountain
system is/are correct?
1. It was due to the Northward drift of Indo-Australian plate resulting in the collision of the plate with the
Pacific plate
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2. The sedimentary rocks accumulated in the geosyncline known as Tethys were folded to form the
mountain system.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans : B

Explanation
● The ancient supercontinent, Pangaea began to split some two hundred million years back. It first split into
2 big continental masses known as Gondwanaland and Angara land forming the Southern and
Northern part respectively
● The Gondwanaland included India, Australia, South Africa, South America and Antarctica as one single
land mass.
● The conventional current (a force which causes movement of plates) splits the crust into a number
of pieces, thus leading to the drifting of the Indo-Australian plate after being separated from the Gondwana
land, towards North
● Statement 1 is incorrect: This Northward drift of Indo-Australian plate resulting in the collision of the
plate with the much larger Eurasian plate (not Pacific plate)
● Statement 2 is correct: Due to this collision, the sedimentary rocks which were accumulated in the
geosyncline known as Tethys were folded to form the mountain system of Himalayas
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9
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Page no : 8

4. Consider the following pairs with respect to the division of Himalayas based on river valleys
List 1 List 2
1. Kumaon Himalayas A. The part of Himalayas lying between Kali and Teesta rivers
2. Assam Himalayas B. The part of Himalayas lying between Indus and Sutlej rivers
3. Nepal Himalayas C. The part of Himalayas lying between Teesta and Dihangriver
4. Punjab Himalayas D. The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and Kali rivers
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
1 2 3 4
a) A C D B
b) D A C B
c) A B C D
d) D C A B
Ans : D
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Explanation
● Besides the longitudinal divisions, the Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from West
to East. These divisions have been demarcated by river valleys
● The part of Himalayas lying between Indus and Satluj has been traditionally known as Punjab
Himalaya but it is also known regionally as Kashmir and Himachal Himalaya from West to East
respectively.
● The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas.
● The part of Himalayas lying between Kali and Teesta rivers Is known as Nepal Himalayas
● The part lying between Teesta and Dihang rivers is known as Assam Himalayas.

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NCERT
Page no : 11

5. Consider the following pairs
Regions in Northern plains Description
1. Bhabar - These are older alluvium which lies above the flood plains of the
rivers and present a terrace like feature
2. Terai - The streams and rivers re-emerge in this region and create a
wet, swampy and marshy region.
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3. Khadar - These are newer, younger deposits of the floodplains which are
renewed almost every year
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 2, and 3
d) 1 and 3 only
Ans : B
Explanation
● The Northern plains are generally described as flat land with no variations in its relief. It is not true.
● These vast plains also have diverse relief features. According to the variations in relief features, the
Northern plains can be divided into four regions.
● The rivers, after descending from the mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow belt of about 8 to 16 km in
width lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks. It is known as bhabar. All the streams disappear in
this bhabar belt.
● South of this belt, the streams and rivers re-emerge and create a wet, swampy and marshy region
known as terai. This is a thickly forested region full of wildlife.
● The largest part of the Northern plain is formed of older alluvium. It lies above the floodplains of the
rivers and presents a terrace like feature. This part is known as bhangar.
● The newer, younger deposits of the floodplains are called khadar. They are renewed almost every year
and so are fertile, thus ideal for intensive agriculture.
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NCERT
Page no : 12

6. Which of the following mountain ranges forms a part of the lesser Himalaya?
1. Pir Panjal range
2. Zaskar range
3. Dhaula Dhar range
4. Mahabharat range
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Select the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 3 and 4 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Ans : B
Explanation
● The range lying to the South of the Himadri forms the most rugged mountain system and is known as
Himachal or lesser Himalaya.
● The ranges are mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks. The altitude varies between
3,700 and 4,500 metres and the average width is of 50 Km.
● While the PirPanjal range forms the longest and the most important range, the DhaulaDhar and the
Mahabharat ranges are also prominent ones.
● This range consists of the famous valley of Kashmir, Kangra and Kullu Valley in Himachal Pradesh.
This region is well-known for its hill stations
● The range extending to the North of the Himadri/Greater Himalaya and running parallel to it is called
the Zaskar range (It is not a part of lesser Himalaya)
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NCERT
Page no : 11

7. Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the physical features of India?
a) The peninsular plateau is composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and wide
valleys
b) A flat land of extensive alluvial deposits led to the formation of the Northern plains of India
c) The longitudinal valley lying between the Greater Himalayas and the lesser Himalayas are known as
Duns.
d) The whole mountain system of Himalayas represents a very youthful topography with high peaks, deep
valleys and fast flowing rivers.

Page 8
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Ans : C
Explanation
● Option D is correct : The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over
the Northern borders of India. The Himalayas represent the loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain
barriers of the world. The whole mountain system of Himalaya represents a very youthful topography
with high peaks, deep valleys and fast flowing rivers
● Option B is correct : The Northern plain has been formed by the interplay of the three major river systems,
namely - the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra along with their tributaries. This plain is formed of
alluvial soil. The deposition of alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foothills of the Himalaya over
millions of years formed this fertile plain. A flat land of extensive alluvial deposits led to the formation
of the Northern plains of India
● Option A is correct : The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and
metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and wide valleys
● Option C is incorrect: The longitudinal valley lying between lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks(not
between the Greater Himalayas and the lesser Himalayas) are known as Duns.DehraDun, Kotli Dun
and Patli Dun are some of the well-known Duns.
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NCERT
Page no : 9,11 and 13.

8. What is the correct sequence of occurrence of following mountains as one proceeds from North to
South?
1. Nanga Parbat
2. Kamet
3. K2 (Godwin-Austen)
4. Nanda Devi
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
a) 2-3-1-4
b) 3-4-1-2
Page 9
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c) 2-1-3-4
d) 3-1-2-4
Ans : D
Explanation

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NCERT
Page no : 9

9. Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Purvanchal’
1. It is a part of Himalayas that spreads along the Eastern boundary of the India, running through the North-
Eastern states.
2. These are mostly composed of sandstones (Sedimentary rocks)
Which of the statements given above is/are INCORRECT?
a) 1 only
Page 10

GENERAL STUDIES Test Booklet [Answers]

GENERAL STUDIES Test Booklet [Answers]

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