MG6851 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT qbank

Question Bank 18 Pages

Anna University

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

PUR

Contributed by

Priyanka Uday Ratti

PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(A CHRISTIAN MINORITY INSTITUTION)
JAISAKTHI EDUCATIONAL TRUST
(ACCREDIATED BY NATIONAL BOARD OF ACCREDITATION)
BANGALORE TRUNK ROAD, VARADHARAJAPURAM,
NASARATHPET, POONAMALLEE,
CHENNAI – 600 123.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING
VIII SEMESTER EIE
QUESTION BANK
(2018-2019 EVEN SEMESTER)
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UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONS
PART - A
1. Define Management. (Nov/Dec 2014, April/May 2016, Nov/Dec 2017)
According to Koontz & Weihrich, “Management is the process of designing and maintaining
of an environment in which individuals working together in groups efficiently accomplished selected
aims".
2. What according to, Elton Mayo, is Management? (Nov/Dec 2016)
According to Elton Mayo, “Management is not a mechanical process but study of people
involved in production process. Management will get positive response from their employees when their
actions, sentiments and expectations are given due attention”.
3. What are the roles of management in organization? (April/May 2015, April/May 2016,
Nov/Dec 2017)
 Interpersonal Role
o Figurehead
o Leader
o Liaison
 Informational Role
o Monitor
o Disseminator
o Spokesperson
 Decisional Role
o Entrepreneur
o Disturbance handler
o Negotiator
4. Distinguish between administration and management. (Nov/Dec 2015)
S. No. Administration Management
1.
Formulation of broad
objectives, plans and policies.
Art of getting things done through
others by directing their efforts towards
achievements of pre-determined goals.
2.
They do decision making and
thinking functions
They execute the given function
3. They are the top level activity They are middle level activity
4.
Decisions are taken as a whole
for enterprises.
Decisions within the framework set by
the administration.
5. Define administration (April/May 2013)
It refers to the group individuals who are in charge of creating and enforcing rules and
regulations, or those in leadership positions who complete important tasks. It also refers to
formulation of broad objectives, plans and policies.
6. Is a management is a profession? How? (Nov/Dec 2016)
Management's a new branch of knowledge. It's developed as a profession because of the need for
acquiring skills to solve problems. Thus, it's not a full-fledged profession. It also involves of special
knowledge, formal training methods, a code of conduct, and he is a representative of organization.
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7. Define scientific management. (April/May 2015)
According to Taylor, Scientific management is an art of knowing exactly what you want your
men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.
8. Who is the father of scientific management? What is scientific management? (Nov/Dec 2015)
Fredrick Winslow Taylor is commonly known as “Father of Scientific Management”.
According to F. W. Taylor, Scientific management is an art of knowing exactly what you want your
men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.
9. What is globalization? (April/May 2013)
The tendency of investment funds and businesses to move beyond domestic and national
markets to other markets around the globe, thereby increasing the interconnectedness of different
markets.
10. What are the difference between a manager and a leader? (April/May 2014)
S. No. Manager Leader
1. Manager creates goal Leader creates vision
2. Managers control risk Leaders take risk
3. They build systems and
process
They build relationship
4. Managers assign tasks and
provide guidance on how to
accomplish them
Leaders coach the people who
work under him.
11. Comment: Management is both - A science and an art.
Management is a science because it contains general principles. It is also an art because it
requires certain personal skills to achieve desired result.
12. What is centralization?
The organization is centralized when the power is concentrated with one person.
13. What is decentralization?
If the power is fully distributed to the subordinates of the organisation.
14. What is an organization culture? (April/May 2017)
Organization culture is the behavior of humans within an organization and the meaning that
people attach to those behaviors. Culture includes the organization’s value, norms, systems,
symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs and habits.
15. What are management levels? (April/May 2012)
o Top-level management.
o Middle level management
o Lower level management
16. Write some important functions of top management.
o To formulate goals and policies of the company.
o To formulate budgets
o To appoint top executives
17. Write any two functions of middle level management.
o To train, motivate and develop supervisory level.
o To monitor and control the operations performance.
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18. Distinguish between public and private limited companies. (April /May 2018)
S. No. Public Companies Private Companies
1. Minimum of person is 7 and
maximum is unlimited to be
worked in the company
Minimum of person is 2 and
maximum of 50 to be worked in the
company
2. It requires both certificate of
incorporation and certificate
of commencement for its
commencement.
It can commence its business
operation after getting certificate of
incorporation.
3. It cannot sell shares to the
general public in open
market.
It can sell shares to the general public
in open market.
19. Specify the functions of management. (April/May 2014)
o Planning
o Organising
o Staffing
o Coordinating
o Controlling
20. What is the importance of organizational culture?
 The culture decides the way employees interact at their workplace.
 It represents certain predefined policies which guide the employees and give them a sense of
direction at workplace.
 The work culture goes a long way in creating the brand image of organization.
 It brings all the employees on a common platform.
21. What are the functions performed by the low level manager? (Nov/Dec 2016)
 Assigning the jobs and tasks to various workers.
 They guide and instruct workers for day to day activities.
 They help to solve the grievances of the workers.
 They prepare periodical reports about the performance of workers.
22. What are the elements of organizational culture?
 Invisible elements
Organizational values, beliefs and norms
 Visible elements
Artifacts, stories, histories, myths, legends, jokes, rituals, rites, ceremonies,
celebrations, heroes, symbols and symbolic actions, attitudes, rules, norms, ethical
codes.
23. Define partnership. (Nov/Dec 2017)
Partnership is an association of person who agree to combine their financial resources and
managerial abilities to run a business and share profit in an agreed ratio. The persons who have
agreed to join in partnership are individually called “partners” and collectively a “firm”.
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PART – B
1. What are the functions of manager? Explain (April/May 2014)
2. Elucidate the contributions of F. W. Taylor to management. (April/May 2018)
3 Elucidate in detail the various principles of management as advocated by Henry Fayol.
(Nov/Dec 2017)
4. Explain the roles and social responsibility of manager. (Nov/Dec 2014)
5. Explain in detail about Henry Fayol’s contribution towards classical approach of management.
(April/May 2015, April/May 2016, Nov/Dec 2016)
6. Discuss the relative importance of each type of skills to lower level and upper level managers.
(April/May 2015)
7. Describe the motion study as used by Gilberth. (April/May 2015)
8. Discuss the scope and nature of management. (Nov/Dec 2015)
9. Is the management is arts or science. Discuss. (April/May 2016)
10. Explain the trends and challenges in management in global scenario. (Nov/Dec 2016,
Nov/Dec 2017)
11. Explain the different roles of manager. (April/May 2017)
12. Explain the different types of business organization. (April/May 2017)
13. Explain the issues in organizational culture in modern business organizations.
(April/May 2017)
14. Enlighten the relevance of environmental factors that affect global business.
(April/May 2018)
PART – C
1. In a school, you observe that books are kept in office, chalks in the library and office records in
staff room.
a. Which principles of management is violated here and why?
b. How will that affect the achievement of school objectives?
c. As a manager, what steps will you take to rectify the short comings?
UNIT-II
PLANNING
PART – A
1. What is planning?
Planning is the process of selecting the objectives and determining the course of action
required achieving these objectives.
2. State the important observations suggested about planning.
 Planning is outlining a future course of action in order to achieve on objective.
 Planning is looking ahead.
 Planning is getting ready to do something tomorrow.
 Plan is a trap aid down to capture the future.
3. What is strategic planning? (April/May 2014)
It is the process of deciding on the objectives of the organization, on changes on these
objectives and on the policies that are to govern the acquisition, use and disposition of these
resources.
4. Discuss the importance of decision making. (April/May 2014, April/May 2016)
 Better utilization of resources
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 For achieving objectives
 Facilitates innovation
 Increases efficiency of organization
5. Define corporate planning. (Nov/Dec 2014)
The term corporate planning denotes the activities for entire enterprise. The basic focus of
this planning is to determine the long-term objectives of the organization as a whole and then to
generate plans to achieve these objectives taking into mind the likely changes in the external
environment. It is generally carried out by top level management.
6. What is the main purpose of planning? (April/May 2015, April/May 2017)
 Planning provides direction
 Reduces risks of uncertainty
 Reduces overlapping and wasteful activities
 Promotes innovative ideas
 Facilitates decision making
7. What is meant by assessment centre? (April/May 2015)
Assessment center is a series of tests, interviews, simulations, and exercises designed to
predict how well a management candidate will perform in a specific role
8. Define policies.
Policies are general statement or understandings, which provide guidance in decision making
to various managers.
9. Define planning premises. (Nov/Dec 2015, April/May 2018)
The process of planning is based upon estimates of future. Though past guides the plans in
present, plans are made to achieve the goals in future. Therefore, forecast of future events leads to
efficient plans. Since future events are not known accurately, assumption is made about these
events. These events may be known conditions or anticipated events which may or may not happen.
10. What is the difference between strategy and policy? (Nov/Dec 2015)
S. No. Strategy Policy
1.
Strategy is a game plan, chosen to
achieve the organizational objectives,
gain customer’s trust, and attain
competitive advantage and to acquire a
market position.
The policy is also regarded as a mini –
mission statement, is a set of principles
and rules which directs the decisions of
the organization.
2. Strategy is a plan of action Policy is a principle of action
3.
Strategies can be modified as per the
situation, so they are dynamic in
nature.
Policies are uniform in nature, however
relaxations can be made for unexpected
situations.
4.
Strategies are always framed by the
top management but sub strategies are
formulated at the middle level.
Policy, they are, in general made by the
top management.
11. List the planning tools available in business management. (April/May 2017)
 SWOT analysis
 BCG matrix
 Porter’s Five Force model
 Gap analysis
 Balance score-card
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12. List out the types of planning.
 Corporate planning
 Strategic planning
 Operational or Tactical planning
 Proactive planning
 Reactive planning
 Formal and informal planning
 Automated planning
13. What are the steps involved in planning process?
i. Identification of opportunities
ii. Establishment of objectives
iii. Development of planning premises
iv. Identification of alternatives
v. Evaluation of alternatives
vi. Selecting an alternative
vii. Formulating derivative plans
viii. Establishing sequence of activities.
14. What are the advantages and limitations of planning?
Advantages

• Help in achieving objectives
• Better utilization of resources
• Economy in operation
• Improves competitive strength
Limitations.
•Lack of accurate information
•Time and cost
•Inflexibility
15. What is objective?
Objectives are the aims, purposes or goals that an organization wants to achieve over
varying periods of time.
16. State the two approaches of objectives.
i. Top -down approach.
ii. Bottom -up approach.
17. What is MBO?
MBO is a process whereby, the superior and the subordinate managers of an enterprise
jointly identify its common goals, define each individual's major areas of responsibility in terms of
results expected of him, and use these measures as guides for operating the unit and assessing the
contribution of its members.
18. Mention the features of MBO.
i. MBO focuses attention on what must be accomplished and not how to accomplish
the objectives .it is a goal oriented rather than work-oriented approach.
ii. MBO tries to combine the long range goals of organization with short range of
organization.
iii. A high degree of motivation and satisfaction is available to employees through
MBO.
19. Write short notes on policy making. (Nov/Dec 2014)
It is important component of business planning. They provide abroad guideline as to how
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the objectives of an organization are to be achieved. Policies include that body of understanding,
which makes the action of each member of the group in a given set of circumstances more or to
other members.
20. What is intuitive decision making? (April/May 2018)
Intuitive decision-making can be described as the process by which information acquired
through associated learning and stored in long-term memory is accessed unconsciously to form the
basis of a judgment or decision
21. What are the steps involved in decision making process? (April/May 2016)
i. Defining and analyzing the problem
ii. Developing alternative solutions
iii. Evaluating the alternative solutions
iv. Selecting the best solutions
v. Implementing the decision
vi. Follow up
22. Define decision-making process.
Decision -making is defined as the process of choosing a course of action from among
alternatives to achieve a desired goal. It is one of the functions of management and also a core
process of planning.
23. What are the techniques useful while evaluating alternatives?
i. Quantitative and Qualitative analysis
ii. Marginal analysis
iii. Cost effectiveness analysis
24. What do you understand by Strategic Management? (Nov/Dec 2017)
Strategies are primarily concerned with the issues usually faced by low level managers and
deal with the strategies for the major organizations such as marketing, finance, production and
research which are considered important to achieving the business strategies and enabling the
corporate level strategy.
25. Distinguish between policy and rule. (Nov/Dec
2017)
S. No. Policy Rule
1.
Policies are the aims and objectives of
an organization that provide a
framework for the management to take
decisions accordingly
Rules are meant to guide the behavior
and attitude of the members of the
organization to help them behave
according to situations arising in day to
day operations
2.
Policies are framed by the high level
managers
Rules basically get derived from these
policies
PART – B
1. Explain the general planning process adopted by the business organizations. (April 2017)
2. Discuss the steps involved in decision making process. (Nov/Dec 2014, April 2017)
3. What is decision making? Explain the challenges in group decision making. (April 2014,
April 2016, Nov/Dec 2016)
4. What is planning? Discuss the steps involved in planning. (April 2014, Nov/Dec 2015)
5. Explain in details various types of planning. (Nov/Dec 2017)
6. Write short notes on types of strategies. (Nov/Dec 2015)
7. What are the objectives of planning? Explain how you will set objectives for a manufacturing
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organizations. (April 2016)
8. What is planning? Explain the steps involved in planning. How is operational planning differ
from strategic planning? (Nov/Dec 2016)
9. Define MBO and explain the various steps involved in it. (Nov/Dec 2017, April/May 2018)
10. Is decision making is a rational process? Discuss. (Nov/Dec 2017)
11. Classify the types of goals organizations might have and plans they used for accomplishment.
(April/May 2018)
PART – C
1. Fred loves clothes. His favorite activity is to go shopping at the mall and try on new clothes.
He looks forward to the day when he has a job so he can buy all the clothes he wants. Next
week is Fred’s birthday and he will receive $75.00 for his present. He saw a pair of jeans at the
mall that were $72.00; however, he also needs new shirts, new shorts, and some swim trunks
for the summer. His $75.00 could purchase all of these things or it could purchase the one pair
of designer jeans. All the kids at school wear these jeans. Fred states, “If only I had a pair of
these jeans, I would be popular.” How could Fred make a wise decision? What would you do?
2. ABC Ltd. has a plan of increasing the profits by 20%. It has devoted the lot of time and money
to this plan. But the competition starts increasing, so it could not change its plan to beat its
competitors because huge amount of money had already been devoted to pre-decided plan. It
causes losses to the company.
Explain any two limitations of planning highlighted in the above case. Also quote the lines
from it.
UNIT III
ORGANIZING
PART - A
1. Define Organization. (April 2016)
Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping of activities required to attain the
objectives, delegating authority, creating responsibility and establishing relationships for the people
to work effectively.
2. Define Organization structure. (April 2014)
An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and
supervision are directed toward the achievement of organizational objectives. An organization can
be structured in many different ways, depending on its objectives. The structure of an organization
will determine the modes in which it operates and performs.
3. What is splintered authority? (April 2014)
Division of authority between many managers is called as splintered authority. A manager
with splintered authority will have to deal with many other managers before decisions can be
finalized.
4. Define authority. (Nov/Dec 2014)
This is the power that gives a manager the ability to act, execute on behalf of the organization.
This power enables managers to gain the confidence of their teams even in the absence of
formal/reward or penalty power.
5. What is staffing? (Nov/Dec 2014)
Staffing is the part of the management process which is concerned with the procurement
utilization, maintenance and development of a large satisfied work force on the organization.
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6. Explain how functional authority works in an organization. (April 2015)
Functional authority is permission to issue directions to people not under line supervision.
Such directions deal with specified activities or certain aspects of a company.
For Example: An industrial engineer may select equipment and prescribe the tools and the methods
to be used in production operations.
7. What are the limitations of line and staff authority? (Nov/Dec 2015)
 Advices ignored
 Encourages carelessness
 Expensive
 Conflict between line and staff
8. Why performance management is important? (April 2017)
Performance management is important because it ensures that the employees understand
the importance of their contributions to the organizational goals and objects and also ensures that
each employee understands what is expected from them and equally ascertaining whether the
employees possess the required skills and support for fulfilling such expectations.
9. What is line authority?
Line authority is the direct authority which a superior exercises over a number of
subordinates to carry out orders and instructions. In organization process, authority is delegated to
the individuals to perform the activities.
10. What is delegation of authority? (Nov/Dec 2015, April 2017)
Delegation of authority means that the granting of authority to subordinates to operate within
prescribed limits.
11. What are the steps to be followed in making staff works effective?
 Understanding authority relationship
 Making line listen to staff
 Keeping staff informed
 Requiring completed staff work
 Making staff work a way of organizational life
12. State the kinds of organizational charts.
 Vertical chart
 Horizontal chart or left to right chart
 Circular chart or concentric chart
13. What is decentralization? (April 2016, Nov/Dec 2016)
It is defined as the transfer of authority from higher level to the lower level. It is concerned
with the attitude and philosophy of organization and management.
14. What is job analysis?
Job analysis is a detailed study of a job to identify the skills, experience and aptitude
required for the job.
15. What is job design? (April/May 2018)
The job design means outlining the task, duties, responsibilities, qualifications, methods and
relationships required to perform the given set of a job.
16. What is job rotation?
Job rotation refers in the movement of an employee from the job to another
17. Define recruitment.
The process of searching for prospective employees and simulating to apply for jobs in the
organization.
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